🐄cattledairy📍 Origin: Andhra Pradesh
Punganur Cow
पुंगनूर गाय • Native Tract: Chittoor, Punganur, Madanapalle, Palamaner
World-famous miniature dairy cow of Andhra Pradesh standing just 70 to 90 cm tall
Estimated Market Price
₹80,000 – ₹2,50,000
Price depends on lactation parity, daily yield & pedigree
Pashu KCC Limit:₹35,000 / animal
Lactation Yield
850 L
600 - 1200 L range
Butterfat %
6.8%
SNF: 9%
Peak Daily Yield
5 L/day
In 2nd–3rd Parity
Calving Interval
14 Mo.
Target inter-calving
Age 1st Calving
36 Mo.
Heifer maturity
Adult Weight
140 kg
Bull: 200 kg
Morphological Features
Physical Identification & Anatomy: Punganur Cow
Coat & Color
White, light grey, or light brown with occasional white patches
Horns
Small, crescent-shaped, curving backward and outward (10-15 cm)
Ears
Small, alert, carried horizontally
Forehead & Head
Broad forehead with prominent bridge between horn poles
Why Dairy Farmers Choose Punganur Cow:
✓World-famous miniature dairy cow of Andhra Pradesh standing just 70 to 90 cm tall
✓Produces remarkably rich milk with up to 8.0% butterfat content, traditionally used for Tirupati Balaji ksheerabhishekam
✓Ultra low feed footprint: consumes only 5 kg fodder daily, making it ideal for urban backyard and peri-urban dairy
✓High cultural demand as a sacred Vastu and temple cow commanding premium market valuation
Customized Ration Balancer
Total Mixed Ration (TMR) for Punganur Cow
Pre-configured with standard Punganur Cow body weight (140 kg) and average daily production. Adjust sliders to match your animal.
🌾 ICAR-NDRI Feed Engine•100% Free Dairy Tool
Punganur Cow TMR Feed & Profit Balancer
Calculate optimal daily green silage, dry bhoosa, concentrate pellets and net income for Punganur Cow.
Animal Characteristics
Body Weight (शरीर का वजन)140 kg
250 kgAverage: 400 kg800 kg
Daily Milk Yield (दैनिक दूध उत्पादन)5 L/day
0 L (Dry animal)Peak: 20 L35 L
Milk Butterfat (फैट प्रतिशत)6.8%
3.0% (HF Cow)4.8% (Desi Gir)8.5% (Murrah Buffalo)
Milk Price Realization (दूध का भाव)₹55 / Liter
₹30 (Coop Base)₹60 (A2 Retail)₹120 (Direct Dairy)
Total Dry Matter
5.4 kg
ICAR Standard DM basis
Water Requirement
32 Liters
Fresh cool water/day
Daily Balanced Ration (दैनिक संतुलित आहार)
As-Fed Fresh Basisहरा चारा (Green)🌿
8.3 kg
Napier / Silage / Maize / Berseem
सूखा चारा (Dry)🌾
1.1 kg
Wheat Bhoosa / Paddy / Kadbi
पशुआहार (Concentrate)🥣
3 kg
20% CP Balanced Pellets
मिनरल मिक्चर🧪
60 g
Chelated Area-Specific Mix
सादा नमक (Salt)🧂
35 g
Daily electrolyte balance
स्वच्छ पानी (Water)💧
32 L
Cool, unchlorinated water
Daily Milk Economics
Income vs Feed Expenditure
Feed Cost / Liter
₹21.2/L
Daily Milk Revenue
₹275
5 L × ₹55
Daily Feed Cost
₹106
Fodder + Pellets + Salts
Net Daily Profit
₹169
61% Margin
Monthly Projected Profit per Animal:₹5,070 / month
💡 ICAR-NDRI Practical Management Tips
- ✓Chop green fodder (1.5–2 cm) and mix thoroughly with dry straw (Bhoosa/Kadbi) to stimulate rumination.
- ✓Divide concentrate pellets into 2 or 3 equal morning/evening feedings rather than feeding all at once.
- ✓Always add 60g chelated mineral mixture daily to prevent silent estrus and retain 300-day lactation.
- ✓Ensure uninterrupted access to 32 Liters of clean, cool drinking water.
Hardiness & Immunity
Climatic Resilience & Health Profile
Tick & Vector ResistanceVery High
Heat & Humidity ToleranceExtreme (45°C+)
Primary Health Vulnerabilities to Watch:
- ⚠️Inbreeding depression due to small surviving population requiring controlled pedigree AI
Veterinary Best Practices
Breeding & Herd Management Tips
- ✓Inseminate only with certified purebred Punganur semen from SVVU Livestock Research Station, Palamaner
- ✓Do not overfeed high-energy concentrates to prevent dystocia (calving difficulty) from oversized calves
- ✓Provide regular dry grooming and clean soft rubber bedding
Free NADCP Ear-Tagging & Vaccination:Dial 1962 (MVU)
Government Support
Subsidies & Pashu KCC Loans for Punganur Cow
Dedicated AP Government Mission for Punganur revival offering subsidized IVF embryos and sex-sorted semen
Eligible Scheme 1Rashtriya Gokul Mission
Eligible Scheme 2Andhra Pradesh Punganur Mission
Eligible Scheme 3Pashu KCC
🏛️ Statutory Livestock Verification Portals
Official .gov.in & .nic.in PortalsOfficial Dairy & Animal Husbandry Portals for Punganur Cow
🏛️ Central Ministry (.nic.in)dahd.nic.in
Department of Animal Husbandry & Dairying (DAHD)
Official operational guidelines for Rashtriya Gokul Mission (RGM), Animal Husbandry Infrastructure Development Fund (AHIDF 3% subvention), and sex-sorted semen subsidies.
🐄 Apex Dairy Board (.coop)nddb.coop
National Dairy Development Board (NDDB)
Information Network for Animal Productivity & Health (INAPH) ear-tagging, scientific Ration Balancing Programme (RBP), and automated testing standards.
🔬 ICAR Research (.gov.in)nbagr.icar.gov.in
ICAR - National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources (NBAGR)
Access the official registered breed gazette, accession numbers, morphological descriptors, and indigenous breed conservation directives.
💳 Concessional Credit (.gov.in)kcc.gov.in
Pashu Kisan Credit Card (Pashu KCC) Portal
Apply for working capital crop loans up to ₹2 Lakh for dairy cows and buffaloes at 4% effective interest with zero collateral requirement.
Questions Answered
Frequently Asked Questions about Punganur Cow
FAQ
Frequently asked questions
A mature Punganur cow stands just 70 to 90 cm (2.3 to 3 feet) tall at the withers and weighs between 115 and 180 kg.
Punganur milk contains 6.0% to 8.5% butterfat, which is virtually double that of ordinary crossbred cows (3.5%), giving it a creamy texture and high medicinal value.
Due to its miniature size, docility, sacred temple association, and scarcity, pedigreed Punganur cows command between ₹1,00,000 and ₹2,50,000.
Explore Other Desi Cows
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