Standard Dimensions of 1 Acre (Ekad)
The Acre (एकड़ / Ekad) is an internationally and nationally standardized unit of land measurement recognized across all Indian states and legal land registries.
Unlike regional traditional measurement units, 1 standard Acre has fixed mathematical dimensions: exactly 43,560 square feet, 4,840 square yards, 4,046.86 square meters, or 0.4047 hectares.
- Standard square footage: Exactly 43,560 square feet per Acre
- Standard square yards: Exactly 4,840 square yards
- Metric equivalence: 4,046.86 square meters (0.4047 hectares)
- Sub-units: 1 Acre = Exactly 40 Guntas (in Maharashtra/Karnataka) or 100 Cents (in South India)
State-Wise Conversion Ratios: Acre to Bigha
Because a Bigha is a regional unit determined by historical state land revenue settlements, the number of Bighas in one Acre varies depending on state revenue regulations.
In North India, states distinguish between Pucca Bigha and Kachha Bigha, while eastern and Himalayan states utilize localized standard Bigha definitions.
- Uttar Pradesh & Rajasthan (Pucca Bigha): 1 Acre = 1.6 Pucca Bigha (43,560 / 27,225 sq ft)
- Uttar Pradesh (Kachha Bigha): 1 Acre = 4.8 Kachha Bigha (43,560 / 9,075 sq ft)
- West Bengal & Assam: 1 Acre = 3.025 Bigha (43,560 / 14,400 sq ft; 1 Bigha = 20 Katha)
- Bihar: 1 Acre = approx. 1.6 Bigha (43,560 / 27,220 sq ft; 1 Bigha = 20 Katha)
- Punjab & Haryana: 1 Acre = 1 Killa = 4 to 5 traditional Bighas (depending on consolidation settlement)
- Himachal Pradesh & Uttarakhand: 1 Acre = 5.0 Bigha (43,560 / 8,712 sq ft)
Practical Land Records Verification and Conversion Tips
When applying for agricultural subsidies, PM-Kisan benefits, crop insurance (PMFBY), or bank mortgage loans, land ownership records (Bhulekh / Khasra-Khatauni) often record land in Hectares.
Farmers should convert their Bighas into square meters or Hectares using verified state revenue formulas to ensure seamless alignment with institutional bank records.
- Bhulekh records: Check official state land portals (e.g., UP Bhulekh, MP Bhulekh, Banglarbhumi)
- Survey measurement: Always verify local measurement chains (Gatha / Jarib) used during consolidation (Chakbandi)
- Sub-units: Remember that 1 Bigha is always divided into 20 sub-units (20 Biswa in North, 20 Katha in East)
- Hectare conversion: Multiply Hectares by 2.471 to obtain exact Acreage before converting to regional Bighas
Official source
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Common questions
How many Pucca Bighas make 1 Acre in Uttar Pradesh?
In Uttar Pradesh, 1 Acre equals approximately 1.6 Pucca Bighas (or 4.8 Kachha Bighas).
How many square feet are in 1 standard Acre?
1 standard Acre contains exactly 43,560 square feet across all states in India.
How many Bighas are in 1 Acre in West Bengal?
In West Bengal, where 1 Bigha equals 14,400 square feet, 1 Acre equals exactly 3.025 Bighas.
General guidance, not personal advice. For your farm, ask your local Krishi Vigyan Kendra or agriculture officer.
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