The Standard Acre (Ekar) Defined
An Acre (एकड़) is a universally standardized unit of land area across all Indian states and legal revenue registries.
Under the imperial and Indian revenue survey standards, 1 Acre measures exactly 43,560 square feet, 4,840 square yards, 4,046.86 square meters, or 0.4047 hectares.
- 1 Acre in square feet: Exactly 43,560 sq ft
- 1 Acre in square yards: Exactly 4,840 sq yards
- 1 Acre in square meters: 4,046.86 sq meters
- 1 Acre in hectares: 0.4047 hectares (1 Hectare = 2.471 Acres)
State-Wise 1 Acre to Bigha Conversion Ratios
Because a Bigha is a regional traditional measure rather than a fixed international metric, the number of Bighas in one Acre depends on the state where the agricultural land is located.
In northern states utilizing the Pucca Bigha, 1 Acre equals roughly 1.6 Bigha, whereas in eastern and hill states with smaller traditional Bighas, 1 Acre equals 3 to 5 Bighas.
- Uttar Pradesh & Rajasthan (Pucca Bigha): 1 Acre = 1.6 Pucca Bigha (43,560 / 27,225 sq ft)
- Uttar Pradesh (Kachha Bigha): 1 Acre = 4.8 Kachha Bigha (43,560 / 9,075 sq ft)
- West Bengal & Assam: 1 Acre = 3.025 Bigha (43,560 / 14,400 sq ft)
- Bihar: 1 Acre = approx. 1.6 Bigha (43,560 / 27,220 sq ft; 1 Bigha = 20 Katha)
- Punjab & Haryana: 1 Acre = 1 Killa = 4 to 5 traditional Bighas (depending on settlement district)
- Himachal Pradesh & Uttarakhand: 1 Acre = 5.0 Bigha (43,560 / 8,712 sq ft)
Practical Land Records Verification and Conversion Tips
When applying for agricultural subsidies, PM-Kisan benefits, crop insurance (PMFBY), or bank mortgage loans, land ownership records (Bhulekh / Khasra-Khatauni) often record land in Hectares.
Farmers should convert their Bighas into square meters or Hectares using verified state revenue formulas to ensure seamless alignment with institutional bank records.
- Bhulekh records: Check official state land portals (e.g., UP Bhulekh, MP Bhulekh, Banglarbhumi)
- Survey measurement: Always verify local measurement chains (Gatha / Jarib) used during consolidation (Chakbandi)
- Sub-units: Remember that 1 Bigha is always divided into 20 sub-units (20 Biswa in North, 20 Katha in East)
- Hectare conversion: Multiply Hectares by 2.471 to obtain exact Acreage before converting to regional Bighas
Official source
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Common questions
How many Pucca Bighas are in 1 Acre in Uttar Pradesh?
In Uttar Pradesh, 1 Acre equals approximately 1.6 Pucca Bighas (or 4.8 Kachha Bighas).
How many Bighas are in 1 Acre in West Bengal and Assam?
In West Bengal and Assam, 1 Bigha is standardized at 14,400 square feet, meaning 1 Acre equals exactly 3.025 Bighas.
How many square feet are in 1 Acre?
1 Acre contains exactly 43,560 square feet throughout India and internationally.
General guidance, not personal advice. For your farm, ask your local Krishi Vigyan Kendra or agriculture officer.
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