Parts of a balanced ration
- Green fodder: berseem, lucerne, maize, sorghum and napier grass.
- Dry fodder: wheat or paddy straw (bhusa), which supplies bulk.
- Concentrate: compound cattle feed or a home mix of grains, oilcakes and bran, given according to milk yield.
- Area-specific mineral mixture and salt, plus unlimited clean drinking water.
Good feeding practices
- Change feed gradually; sudden changes can upset digestion.
- Buy compound feed with a BIS certification mark and check the manufacturing date.
- Avoid mouldy feed and fodder.
- Ask your veterinary officer about the ration for pregnant and high-yielding animals.
Official source
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Common questions
How much concentrate should a cow get?
It depends on body weight and milk yield; your veterinary officer or a ration-balancing programme can calculate it.
Why is mineral mixture important?
It prevents deficiencies that cause low fertility, weak calves and lower milk yield.
Is home-made feed as good as compound feed?
A well-balanced home mix can be good; compound feed with BIS certification gives consistent quality.
General guidance, not personal advice. For your farm, ask your local Krishi Vigyan Kendra or agriculture officer.
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