Major Copper Formulations under CIBRC Registration
Agricultural copper fungicides are manufactured in distinct chemical formulations tailored for surface persistence and disease efficacy.
Understanding these formulations helps farmers select the optimal product for their specific cropping system.
- Copper Oxychloride 50% WP (Blitox / Blue Copper): Most popular contact protectant releasing steady cupric ions on foliage
- Copper Hydroxide 77% WP / 53.8% DF (Kocide): Finer particle size releasing high initial active cupric ions with superior rain tenacity
- Bordeaux mixture (Copper Sulphate + Hydrated Lime): Traditional multi-site protective slurry delivering unmatched rainfast adherence
- Basic Copper Sulphate (Cuprofix): Micro-dispersed copper formulation providing long-lasting surface protection
Dual Fungicidal and Antibacterial Mode of Action
When sprayed onto plant surfaces, moisture releases bioactive cupric ions (Cu2+).
These ions denature fungal and bacterial proteins, inactivate respiratory enzymes, and disrupt cellular membrane permeability in germinating spores.
Because copper acts at multiple cellular sites simultaneously, pathogens do not develop resistance against copper protectants.
- Multi-site protection: Disrupts multiple essential fungal and bacterial metabolic pathways concurrently
- Antibacterial efficacy: Controls citrus canker (Xanthomonas), bacterial leaf blight, and bacterial soft rots
- Zero resistance risk: Decades of agricultural use have demonstrated zero pathogen resistance development
Application Guidelines, Mixing, and Phytotoxicity Notes
Always make a smooth pre-slurry in clean water before pouring into the primary spray tank to ensure complete powder suspension.
Do not mix with strongly acidic substances, organophosphates, or lime-sulfur mixtures, as incompatibility can cause severe leaf scorch.
Maintain continuous tank agitation during spraying to prevent heavy wettable particles from settling.
- Mixing discipline: Prepare a lump-free slurry and agitate tank continuously during operation
- Spray timing: Apply during cool morning or evening hours with high-volume cone nozzles
- Personal protection: Wear rubber gloves, protective clothing, and a dust mask
Official source
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Central Insecticides Board & Registration Committee ↗Related on KisanPe
Common questions
What is the most common copper fungicide used in India?
Copper Oxychloride 50% WP (commonly marketed as Blitox or Blue Copper) is the most widely used copper protectant in India.
Do copper fungicides control bacterial diseases?
Yes, copper ions provide potent antibacterial action, making them the primary treatment for citrus canker and bacterial leaf spots.
Why should copper fungicides not be mixed with acidic chemicals?
Acidic solutions cause rapid, excessive release of copper ions, leading to severe chemical leaf scorching and phytotoxicity.
General guidance, not personal advice. For your farm, ask your local Krishi Vigyan Kendra or agriculture officer.
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