Standard Acre and Metric Equivalents
In official Indian land registration records, revenue departments use metric hectares or standard British acres.
Understanding standard conversion factors prevents legal discrepancies when verifying digital land records (Khasra, Khatauni, 7/12 extract).
- Square Feet: 1 Acre = 43,560 square feet
- Square Yards (Gaj): 1 Acre = 4,840 square yards
- Square Meters: 1 Acre = 4,046.86 square meters
- Hectare Equivalent: 1 Hectare = 2.471 Acres (or 1 Acre = 0.4047 Hectare)
- Sub-Divisions: 1 Acre = 40 Guntas (Maharashtra/Gujarat) = 8 Kanals / 160 Marlas (Punjab/Haryana)
State-Wise Bigha Conversion Ratios
Because traditional land measurement customs evolved independently during historical revenue settlements, bigha dimensions vary across states.
Revenue offices commonly differentiate between standardized 'Pucca Bigha' and customary local 'Kaccha Bigha'.
- Uttar Pradesh: 1 Acre = approx. 1.6 Pucca Bigha (or approx. 4.8 to 5 Kaccha Bigha in western UP districts)
- Madhya Pradesh: 1 Acre = approx. 1.75 to 3.0 Bigha depending on district revenue circles
- Bihar & West Bengal: 1 Acre = approx. 3.025 Bigha (where 1 standard Bigha = 14,400 square feet)
- Rajasthan: 1 Pucca Bigha = approx. 1.6 Bigha per acre; local Kaccha Bigha can range from 3 to 4 Bigha per acre
- Punjab & Haryana: 1 Acre = 1.6 standard revenue Bigha (commonly counted as 8 Kanals or 160 Marlas)
Verifying Digital Land Records on State Portals
Before completing land transactions, lease agreements, or bank mortgage applications, always confirm your verified survey area on state revenue portals.
Bank appraisals for Kisan Credit Card (KCC) limits and PM-Kisan benefits rely exclusively on official hectare or standard acre records.
- Online Land Portals: Check Bhulekh (UP, MP, Bihar), Mahabhulekh (Maharashtra), and Jamabandi (Punjab/Haryana)
- Mutation Records: Confirm that mutation entries reflect exact decimal hectare values corresponding to physical boundary demarcations
- Bank Appraisal: Ensure mortgage documentation lists standard metric units to prevent boundary disputes
Official source
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Department of Land Resources - Ministry of Rural Development ↗Related on KisanPe
Common questions
How many bigha are there in 1 acre in Madhya Pradesh?
In Madhya Pradesh, 1 acre typically equals between 1.75 and 3.0 bigha depending on district revenue circle classifications.
What is the size of 1 standard acre in square feet?
1 standard acre is legally defined as exactly 43,560 square feet.
What is the difference between Pucca Bigha and Kaccha Bigha?
Pucca Bigha is a legally recognized, standardized revenue unit (approx. 27,225 sq ft in UP); Kaccha Bigha is an informal village unit often one-third of a Pucca Bigha.
General guidance, not personal advice. For your farm, ask your local Krishi Vigyan Kendra or agriculture officer.
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