Agro-climatic requirements and popular varieties
- Climate: Cool, dry weather with optimal temperatures between 10 and 20 degrees Celsius; sensitive to severe frost at flowering and high heat during pod filling.
- Soil requirements: Well-drained sandy loam or silt loam soils with a pH of 6.0 to 7.5; waterlogged heavy clay soils cause root rot.
- Early varieties: Arkel, Matar Ageta-6, Early Badger, and Kashi Nandini (ready for picking in 55 to 65 days).
- Main-season varieties: Azad P-1, Bonneville, Lincoln, and Kashi Udai (high-yielding varieties maturing in 80 to 90 days).
Sowing methods, seed rate and Rhizobium treatment
- Sowing windows: Early crop is sown in late September to October; main Rabi crop is sown from mid-October to mid-November.
- Seed rate: 100 to 120 kg per hectare for early varieties; 75 to 85 kg per hectare for main-season varieties.
- Seed inoculation: Treat seeds with Rhizobium leguminosarum culture and Trichoderma bio-fungicide to boost nodulation and protect against wilt.
- Spacing: 30 cm between rows and 7.5 to 10 cm between plants, sown at a depth of 3 to 4 cm.
Irrigation, pest management and picking
Peas require light, critical irrigations at pre-flowering and pod-filling stages; avoid waterlogging at all times. Major pests include leaf miners, pod borers, and powdery mildew. Harvest tender green pods in 3 to 4 pickings when pods are well-filled but before seeds turn starchy and lose sweetness.
Official source
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ICAR - Indian Institute of Vegetable Research (IIVR) ↗Related on KisanPe
Common questions
When is the best time to sow garden peas in North India?
The primary sowing window for Rabi garden peas in North India is from mid-October to mid-November.
How many days after sowing can early pea varieties be harvested?
Early pea varieties like Arkel can be harvested for fresh green pods within 55 to 65 days of sowing.
Do garden peas require high nitrogen chemical fertilizers?
No, as a legume, peas fix atmospheric nitrogen through root nodules; they require only a modest starter nitrogen dose combined with balanced phosphorus and potash.
General guidance, not personal advice. For your farm, ask your local Krishi Vigyan Kendra or agriculture officer.
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