Classification of indigenous cattle breeds
- Milch breeds: High milk yielders; prominent examples include Gir (Gujarat), Sahiwal (Punjab and Rajasthan border), Red Sindhi, and Tharparkar (dry tracts of Rajasthan).
- Draught breeds: Robust working animals bred for agricultural operations and heavy cart pulling; includes Amritmahal and Hallikar (Karnataka), Khillari (Maharashtra), Malvi, and Nagori.
- Dual-purpose breeds: Cows provide moderate milk yields while bullocks serve as strong draft animals; includes Hariana (Haryana and UP), Kankrej (Gujarat), and Ongole (Andhra Pradesh).
Unique genetic strengths of Desi cattle
Indigenous cows possess superior heat tolerance due to efficient sweat gland distribution and loose skin folds. They exhibit exceptional resistance to tropical tick-borne diseases and can digest low-quality crop residues effectively compared to exotic cattle breeds.
Conservation under Rashtriya Gokul Mission
The Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying implements the Rashtriya Gokul Mission to conserve and genetically upgrade native bovine breeds through elite bull selection, sex-sorted semen facilities, and Gokul Gram breeding centers.
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ICAR - National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources ↗Related on KisanPe
Common questions
Which Indian cattle breeds produce the highest milk?
Sahiwal, Gir, Red Sindhi, and Tharparkar are the top indigenous milch breeds known for high lactation yields.
What is the difference between Bos indicus and Bos taurus cattle?
Bos indicus (Desi zebu cattle) have prominent humps and superior heat and tick resistance, while Bos taurus (humpless European cattle) thrive in temperate climates.
What government program supports indigenous cattle development?
The Rashtriya Gokul Mission implemented by DAHD promotes the scientific conservation and breed improvement of indigenous cattle.
General guidance, not personal advice. For your farm, ask your local Krishi Vigyan Kendra or agriculture officer.
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