Chemical Class and Mechanism of Action
Paraquat Dichloride operates as a Photosystem I electron diverter (HRAC Group 22). Upon absorption by green foliage in the presence of sunlight, it generates toxic reactive oxygen species (superoxides and hydroxyl radicals) that destroy plant cell membranes within hours, resulting in rapid wilting and foliage desiccation.
Because it acts purely on green foliage, it leaves underground root systems untouched unless applied during active vegetative emergence.
- Rapid contact knockdown: Visual weed burn occurs within hours under bright sunlight.
- Contact action only: Does not translocate systemically to underground rootstocks or rhizomes.
- Inactivation in soil: Binds strongly and almost instantaneously to clay minerals, leaving no active biological residue in the soil solution.
Strict Safety Protocols and Regulatory Guidelines
Due to high acute toxicity, Paraquat formulations are subject to strict regulatory oversight by the Central Insecticides Board & Registration Committee (CIBRC). Strict operator safety and equipment checks are mandatory.
Improper handling poses serious health hazards, making complete personal protection non-negotiable during every spray cycle.
- Wear full personal protective equipment including face shield, chemical-resistant gloves, apron, and gumboots during mixing and spraying.
- Always use shielded spray lances to prevent spray droplets from drifting onto standing crops or green stems.
- Store exclusively in original containers locked away from children, livestock, and grain storage.
Official source
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Central Insecticides Board & Registration Committee ↗Related on KisanPe
Common questions
What active ingredient is present in Milquat?
Milquat contains Paraquat Dichloride 24% SL, a bipyridylium class contact herbicide.
Does Milquat translocate to kill weed roots?
No, Paraquat is strictly a contact herbicide that desiccates green foliage without significant translocation to underground root crowns.
What are the key safety requirements when applying Paraquat?
Applicators must wear full chemical PPE, avoid inhalation or skin contact, use drift-reducing shielded nozzles, and never spray near food crops or drinking water sources.
General guidance, not personal advice. For your farm, ask your local Krishi Vigyan Kendra or agriculture officer.
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