Pond construction and water quality management
- Pond layout: Rectangular earthen ponds (0.5 to 1.0 hectare) with a water depth of 1.2 to 1.5 metres, central drainage slope, and non-porous clay embankments.
- Water parameters: Optimal water temperature 28°C to 32°C, pH between 7.5 and 8.5, dissolved oxygen above 4.0 ppm, and zero un-ionized ammonia.
- Aeration systems: Paddlewheel aerators and spiral aspirators installed to maintain continuous dissolved oxygen levels, especially during nocturnal feeding hours.
- Biosecurity: Bird fencing, crab fencing, and reservoir water filtration to prevent entry of pathogen vectors.
Seed stocking and feeding practices
Stock certified Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) post-larvae (PL) procured from hatcheries registered with the Coastal Aquaculture Authority (CAA). Feed high-protein commercial pellet diets adjusted according to check-tray consumption to prevent feed wastage and water fouling.
Government support under PMMSY
The Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY), administered by the Department of Fisheries, provides capital subsidies for new pond excavation, biofloc units, input costs, and cold chain logistics through state fisheries departments.
Official source
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Common questions
What is the common freshwater prawn species cultured in India?
Macrobrachium rosenbergii, commonly called the giant freshwater prawn or Scampi, is the primary cultured freshwater species.
Why is mechanical aeration critical in prawn ponds?
Paddlewheel aerators maintain dissolved oxygen above 4.0 ppm, preventing lethal asphyxiation and stress during dark night hours.
Which authority regulates coastal aquaculture in India?
The Coastal Aquaculture Authority (CAA) under the Ministry of Fisheries regulates and licenses brackishwater shrimp farms.
General guidance, not personal advice. For your farm, ask your local Krishi Vigyan Kendra or agriculture officer.
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