Major rice producing states
- West Bengal: The largest rice producing state, cultivating paddy across three distinct seasons (Aman, Aus, and Boro) in fertile deltaic soils.
- Uttar Pradesh: Features vast irrigated tracts across the Gangetic plains, contributing substantial grain to central procurement pools.
- Punjab: Achieves high productivity per hectare through intensive tubewell and canal irrigation, producing high-yielding non-basmati and premium basmati rice.
- Southern and eastern belt: Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Odisha, Chhattisgarh, and Tamil Nadu contribute significant volumes under canal and river basin irrigation.
Growing conditions and agro-ecology
- Temperature: Warm, humid climate with temperatures between 22 and 32 degrees Celsius during vegetative and grain-filling stages.
- Water requirement: Requires abundant water, thriving in areas with high annual rainfall or assured irrigation systems.
- Soils: Heavy clayey or clay loam soils that retain water are ideal for transplanted paddy.
Procurement, MSP, and government support
- Food Corporation of India (FCI) and state agencies procure paddy at the central government's Minimum Support Price (MSP).
- Technological adoption such as Direct Seeded Rice (DSR) and the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) is encouraged to reduce groundwater depletion.
- Farmers access crop insurance under PMFBY and seasonal input credit through the Kisan Credit Card (KCC) scheme.
Official source
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Directorate of Rice Development ↗Related on KisanPe
Common questions
Which state is the largest producer of rice in India?
West Bengal is India's leading rice producer, growing paddy in Aman, Aus, and Boro seasons.
Which state has the highest rice productivity per hectare?
Punjab consistently records among the highest per-hectare yields due to widespread irrigation and high-yielding varieties.
What are the three paddy seasons in eastern India?
The three seasons are Aus (autumn rice), Aman (winter/kharif rice), and Boro (summer rice).
What is the role of FCI in rice production?
The Food Corporation of India procures paddy from farmers at Minimum Support Price (MSP) to maintain national buffer stocks.
General guidance, not personal advice. For your farm, ask your local Krishi Vigyan Kendra or agriculture officer.
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